Second Generation  

7. Queen Matilda de DUNKELD of England [35126] (Malcolm III of Scotland (King)¹) was born on 1 Jun 1079 in Dunfermline Fifeshire Scotland and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Middlesex England at age 38. Another name for Matilda was Eadgyth.

General Notes: Wikipedia says of Matilda [Edith],
Matilda of Scotland (originally christened Edith,[a] 1080 \endash 1 May 1118), also known as Good Queen Maud or Matilda of Blessed Memory, was Queen of England and Duchess of Normandy as the first wife of King Henry I. She acted as regent of England on several occasions during Henry's absences: in 1104, 1107, 1108, and 1111.[1]

Daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland and Margaret of Wessex, Matilda was sent to be educated in a convent in southern England, where her aunt Cristina was abbess. According to Wilton Abbey's traditions in the 1140s, her aunt ordered her to take the veil in order to protect her from the lust of William II of England, which angered her father because of the effect it might have on her prospects of marriage.[2] In 1093, Matilda was engaged to an English nobleman until her father and her brother Edward were killed in a minor raid. A messy succession conflict in Scotland followed between her uncle Donald III, her half-brother Duncan II and her brother Edgar until 1097, when the latter assumed the throne.

Henry I ascended the English throne in 1100 and quickly proposed marriage to Matilda due to her descent from the Anglo-Saxon House of Wessex. Furthermore, her brother offered the prospect of better relations between the two countries. However, there was a difficulty about the marriage: a special church council was called to be satisfied that Matilda had not taken vows as a nun. As Queen of England, Matilda embarked on several building projects for transportation and health, took a role in government as mediator to the Church, and led a literary court. She acted as regent when her husband was away, with many surviving charters signed by her. Matilda and Henry had two children: Empress Matilda and William Adelin. Queen Matilda was buried in Westminster Abbey and was fondly remembered by her subjects. There was an attempt to have her canonised, which was not pursued.

Noted events in her life were:

• Death: at Westminster Palace, 1 May 1118, Westminster Middlesex England.

Matilda married Henry I BEAUCLERC King Of England [35125] on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey London England. Henry was born in Sep 1068 in Selby Yorkshire England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in Castle of Lihun Rouen France at age 67.

General Notes: Wikipedia says:
Henry I (c. 1068 \endash 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death. Henry was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless. Henry purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but William and Robert deposed him in 1091. Henry gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William against Robert. Henry was present when William died in a hunting accident in 1100, and he seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies. Henry married Matilda of Scotland but continued to have a large number of mistresses, by whom he had many illegitimate children.

Robert, who invaded in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England; this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king. The peace was short-lived, and Henry invaded the Duchy of Normandy in 1105 and 1106, finally defeating Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray. Henry kept Robert imprisoned for the rest of his life. Henry's control of Normandy was challenged by Louis VI of France, Baldwin of Flanders and Fulk of Anjou, who promoted the rival claims of Robert's son, William Clito, and supported a major rebellion in the Duchy between 1116 and 1119. Following Henry's victory at the Battle of Brémule, a favourable peace settlement was agreed with Louis in 1120.

Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy. In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices. Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer. Many of the officials that ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators. Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, which was resolved through a compromise solution in 1105. He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy.

Henry's only legitimate son and heir, William Adelin, drowned in the White Ship disaster of 1120, throwing the royal succession into doubt. Henry took a second wife, Adeliza, in the hope of having another son, but their marriage was childless. In response to this, Henry declared his daughter, Matilda, his heir and married her to Geoffrey of Anjou. The relationship between Henry and the couple became strained, and fighting broke out along the border with Anjou. Henry died on 1 December 1135 after a week of illness. Despite his plans for Matilda, the King was succeeded by his nephew, Stephen of Blois, resulting in a period of civil war known as the Anarchy.

Children from this marriage were:

   11    i. Princes Euphemia BEAUCLERC of England [122922] was born in Jul 1101 in Winchester Hampshire England and died in 1102 in England at age 1. (Infant Death)

+ 12    ii. Matilda BEAUCLERC Empress Of Germany [35146] was born on 7 Feb 1102 in Sutton Courtenay Berkshire England, died on 10 Sep 1167 in Rouen Seine-Maritime Haute-Normandie France at age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Notre Dame Rouen Seine-Maritime France.

   13    iii. Duke William Atheling BEAUCLERC of Normandy [102345] was born about 5 Aug 1103 in Winchester Hampshire England and died on 25 Nov 1120 at Sea aged about 17.

William married Duchesse Mathilde de ANJOU de Normandie [123656]. Mathilde was born between 1104 and 1107 in Fontevraud-l'Abbaye Maine et Loire Pays-de-Loire France and died about 1154 in Fontevraud-l'Abbaye Maine et Loire Pays-de-Loire France.

8. King David I de DUNKELD of the Scots [123504] (Malcolm III of Scotland (King)¹) was born about 1083 in Fordoun Aberdeenshire Scotland and died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle Cumberland England aged about 70. Another name for David was David mac Maíl Choluim.

General Notes: Wikipedia says of David,
David I or Dauíd mac Maíl Choluim (Modern: Daibhidh I mac [Mhaoil] Chaluim;[1] c. 1084 \endash 24 May 1153) was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians from 1113 to 1124 and later King of Scotland from 1124 to 1153. The youngest son of Malcolm III and Margaret of Wessex, David spent most of his childhood in Scotland, but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093. Perhaps after 1100, he became a dependent at the court of King Henry I. There he was influenced by the Anglo-French culture of the court.

When David's brother Alexander I died in 1124, David chose, with the backing of Henry I, to take the Kingdom of Scotland (Alba) for himself. He was forced to engage in warfare against his rival and nephew, Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair. Subduing the latter seems to have taken David ten years, a struggle that involved the destruction of Óengus, Mormaer of Moray. David's victory allowed expansion of control over more distant regions theoretically part of his Kingdom. After the death of his former patron Henry I, David supported the claims of Henry's daughter and his own niece, Empress Matilda, to the throne of England. In the process, he came into conflict with King Stephen and was able to expand his power in northern England, despite his defeat at the Battle of the Standard in 1138.

The term "Davidian Revolution" is used by many scholars to summarise the changes which took place in Scotland during his reign. These included his foundation of burghs and regional markets, implementation of the ideals of Gregorian Reform, foundation of monasteries, Normanisation of the Scottish government, and the introduction of feudalism through immigrant French and Anglo-French knights.

David married Queen Consort Matilda de HUNTINGDON of Scotland & Countess of Huntingdon [123505]. Matilda was born in 1072 in Northumberland England and died on 23 Apr 1130 in Scone Perthshire Scotland at age 58.

Children from this marriage were:

+ 14    i. Prince Of Scotland & 3rd Earl Henry HUNTINGDON of Huntingdon [35153] was born about 1114 in Scotland and died on 12 Jun 1152 in Scotland aged about 38.

   15    ii. Claricia INGEN DABID [123510] was born about 1115 in Kelso Roxburghshire Scotland and died about 1135 in Scotland aged about 20.

   16    iii. Hodierna INGEN DABID [123511] was born in 1117 in Scotland and died about 1140 in Scotland aged about 23.

9. Comtesse Mary de DUNKELD de Boulogne [123625] (Malcolm III of Scotland (King)¹) was born about 1084 in Dunfermline Fifeshire Scotland and died on 31 May 1116 in Bermondsey Surrey England aged about 32. Another name for Mary was Mary ingen MAIL COLUIM.

Noted events in her life were:

• Death: at St Saviour's Monastery, 31 May 1116, Bermondsey Surrey England.

Mary married Comte Eustace III de BOULOGNE de Boulogne Lens [123624]. Eustace was born in 1050 and died after 1125.

General Notes: Wikipedia says of Eustace III,
Eustace III (c. 1050 - c. 1125) was the count of Boulogne from 1087 succeeding his father, Eustace II. He joined the First Crusade, being present at Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch, and Jerusalem. After fighting in the battle of Ascalon, he returned home. Initially offered the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Eustace was at Apulia when he received news of Baldwin of Bourcq's election to the throne. On his return to Boulogne, he founded a Cluniac monastery in Rumilly, retired as a monk, and died in 1125.

The child from this marriage was:

   17    i. Queen Consort Mathilde de BOULOGNE of England [123623] was born between 1103 and 1105 in Boulogne Sur Mer Pas De Calais France and died on 3 May 1152 in Castle Hedingham Essex England.

Mathilde married King Stephen I de BLOIS of England [123619]. Stephen was born about 1097 in Blois Loir-et-Cher Centre-Val de Loire France and died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Kent England aged about 57.